A prospective, randomized study of Toremifene vs. tamoxifen for the treatment of premenopausal breast cancer: safety and genital symptom analysis

BMC Cancer
Jin HongKunwei Shen

Abstract

Toremifene (TOR) is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and has comparable efficacy to that of tamoxifen (TAM) in breast cancer patients. Herein, we compared the safety of TOR to that of TAM in the adjuvant treatment of premenopausal breast cancer. This was a prospective randomized and open-label clinical study. Premenopausal patients with hormonal receptor (HR)-positive early breast cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive TOR) or TAM treatment. The follow-up period was 1 year. The primary end point was the incidence of ovarian cysts, and secondary end points were the incidence of endometrial thickening, changes in female hormones, the incidence of fatty liver, changes in the modified Kupperman index (mKMI) and changes in quality of life. There were 92 patients in the final analysis. The incidences of ovarian cysts were 42.6% in the TOR group and 51.1% in the TAM group (p = 0.441). Forty-one patients (87.2%) in the TOR group and 36 patients (80.0%) in the TAM group experienced endometrial thickening (p = 0.348). The proportions of patients with fatty liver were 31.9% in the TOR group and 26.7% in the TAM group (p = 0.581). No significant differences in the mKMI or quality of life were observed between the two...Continue Reading

References

Apr 17, 1999·British Journal of Cancer·M J MouritsA G van der Zee
Oct 14, 2000·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·B GerberK Friese
Jun 30, 2001·The New England Journal of Medicine·C L Shapiro, A Recht
Nov 20, 2004·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·UNKNOWN International Breast Cancer Study GroupAron Goldhirsch
May 4, 2005·European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology·M Murat InalHakan Camuzcuoğlu
Oct 29, 2005·Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology·Jale MetindirGülay Bilir
May 28, 2009·Journal of Gynecologic Oncology·Ho Sung KimYong Beom Kim
Jun 6, 2009·European Journal of Cancer Care·Daniel Ulrich BoehmH Koelbl
Aug 21, 2009·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN BIG 1-98 Collaborative GroupAlan S Coates
Feb 1, 2011·Journal of Digestive Diseases·Jian Gao FanUNKNOWN Chinese Association for the Study of Liver Disease
Jul 27, 2011·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·C CluzeR Giorgi
Dec 31, 2011·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Wendy LorizioElad Ziv
Jul 11, 2013·PloS One·Martine BerliereJean-Pascal Machiels
Jan 21, 2014·Clinical Breast Cancer·Charles L VogelDeborah Braccia
Jul 26, 2015·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·A Jo ChienMitch P Rosen
Dec 29, 2015·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Zobair M YounossiMark Wymer
May 31, 2016·The Breast : Official Journal of the European Society of Mastology·Young-Joo YangSung-Bae Kim
Dec 31, 2017·Clinical Breast Cancer·Hong-Tai ChangChien-Hung Lee
Jan 27, 2018·Reproductive Medicine and Biology·Hiroshi TsudaYoshihito Yokoyama
Nov 30, 2018·International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology : IJCHP·Carolyn FinckAndreas Hinz
Jan 23, 2019·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Adrienne G Waks, Eric P Winer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 31, 2021·Essays in Biochemistry·Corinne N HainesDonald P McDonnell

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
hysterectomy
biopsy

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
SPSS

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.