PMID: 8604958Mar 11, 1996Paper

A prospective study of coffee drinking and suicide in women

Archives of Internal Medicine
Ichiro KawachiF E Speizer

Abstract

Among the many reported central nervous system effects of long-term caffeine use is improvement in mood. To examine prospectively the relationship of coffee and caffeine intake to risk of death from suicide. We conducted a 10-year follow-up study (1980 to 1990) in an ongoing cohort of 86 626 US female registered nurses aged 34 to 59 years in 1980, who were free of diagnosed coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer. Information on coffee and caffeine intake was collected by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire in 1980. Deaths from suicide were determined by physician review of death certificates. Fifty-six cases of suicide occurred during 832 704 person-years of observation. Compared with non-drinkers of coffee, the age-adjusted relative risk of suicide in women who consumed two to three cups per day was 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI, 0.17 to 0.68) and 0.42 (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.86) in women who consumed four or more cups per day (P for linear trend=.002). These findings remained essentially unchanged after adjusting for a broad range of potential confounding factors, including smoking habit, alcohol intake, medication use (diazepam and phenothiazine), history of comorbid disease (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia,...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

May 26, 2000·JoAnn E. Manson, MD

Citations

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