A protocol for the acute control of agitation in palliative care: a preliminary report

The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care
Ferraz GonçalvesNatércia Edra

Abstract

Agitation is one of the most frequent causes for palliative sedation. It often requires urgent control to avoid negative consequences and even endangerment of all involved, including the patients themselves. A protocol for the control of episodes of agitation was developed, based on a previous experience. The protocol includes a combination of haloperidol and midazolam. The protocol was used 86 times in 27 patients. Each patient was sedated from 1 to 12 times, median 2 times. The median time from the beginning of sedation to the control of agitation was 15 minutes with a range from 1 minute (2 cases) to 3 hours and 5 minutes (only 1 case). In 71 cases (83%), only the first dose was needed. There were no significant complications.

References

Jan 22, 2004·Journal of Palliative Medicine·J Ferraz GonçalvesAlexandra Silva
Jun 17, 2004·Palliative Medicine·Jane Vella-Brincat, A D Macleod
Apr 4, 2008·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica·J RissS Collins
May 8, 2008·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Ahmed ElsayemEduardo Bruera
Oct 28, 2009·Palliative Medicine·Nathan I ChernyUNKNOWN Board of the European Association for Palliative Care

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Citations

Jun 17, 2011·Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official Journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·Dorota SandsSusan Madge
Jun 1, 2014·Journal of Pain and Symptom Management·Shirley H BushPeter G Lawlor
May 16, 2014·Current Opinion in Oncology·Marco MaltoniOriana Nanni
Nov 3, 2016·The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care·Ferraz GonçalvesSara Pereira
Apr 24, 2012·The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care·Ferraz GonçalvesNatércia Edra
Sep 28, 2018·CNS Drugs·Ferdinando GarettoMarco Maltoni

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Methods Mentioned

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sedation

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