A randomized trial of multivitamin supplements and HIV disease progression and mortality

The New England Journal of Medicine
W W FawziD J Hunter

Abstract

Results from observational studies suggest that micronutrient status is a determinant of the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. We enrolled 1078 pregnant women infected with HIV in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to examine the effects of daily supplements of vitamin A (preformed vitamin A and beta carotene), multivitamins (vitamins B, C, and E), or both on progression of HIV disease, using survival models. The median follow-up with respect to survival was 71 months (interquartile range, 46 to 80). Of 271 women who received multivitamins, 67 had progression to World Health Organization (WHO) stage 4 disease or died--the primary outcome--as compared with 83 of 267 women who received placebo (24.7 percent vs. 31.1 percent; relative risk, 0.71; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.51 to 0.98; P=0.04). This regimen was also associated with reductions in the relative risk of death related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (0.73; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.51 to 1.04; P=0.09), progression to WHO stage 4 (0.50; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.28 to 0.90; P=0.02), or progression to stage 3 or higher (0.72; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.90; P=0.003). ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1995·AIDS·M K BaumC H Hennekens
Jun 15, 1996·American Journal of Epidemiology·A M TangA J Saah
Jul 31, 1998·Nutrition·R F Grimble
Feb 23, 1999·Controlled Clinical Trials·W W FawziD J Hunter
Jul 27, 1999·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·A S KanterN M Graham
Aug 6, 1999·The British Journal of Nutrition·R D Semba, A M Tang
Nov 7, 2000·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·D GreenspanJ S Greenspan
Feb 27, 2001·Current Opinion in Gastroenterology·Susanna Cunningham-Rundles
Aug 28, 2003·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Wafaie Fawzi
Feb 27, 2004·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Wafaie FawziDeborah Anderson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 28, 2005·Journal of Clinical Immunology·Sara Sebnem KilicIsmail Hakki Ulus
Oct 24, 2009·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Aranka AnemaSheri D Weiser
Mar 6, 2010·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Paul Kelly
Sep 24, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Katharina SchroecksnadelDietmar Fuchs
Jul 2, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Barbara Marston, Kevin M De Cock
Dec 2, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Patrice SevereDaniel W Fitzgerald
Jul 22, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Patrice SevereDaniel W Fitzgerald
Nov 30, 2005·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Jayne V WoodsideIan S Young
Oct 8, 2008·Journal of the American College of Nutrition·Runye GanL John Hoffer
Feb 16, 2006·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Ashwin VasanDavid Hunter
Jul 25, 2009·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·John R KoetheJeffrey S A Stringer
Jul 4, 2006·The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine : Research on Paradigm, Practice, and Policy·Leanna J Standish, Susan Banks
Aug 4, 2006·The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine : Research on Paradigm, Practice, and Policy·Gerard BodekerMark Dvorak-Little
Jul 13, 2006·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·William PhiriSuzanne M Filteau
Oct 14, 2008·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Felise B MilanMayris P Webber
Aug 7, 2012·AIDS Patient Care and STDs·Allen T Griffin, Forest W Arnold
Jun 16, 2011·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Enju LiuWafaie Fawzi
May 21, 2005·AIDS·Alice M TangChristine Wanke
Jan 19, 2012·The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal·Julia L FinkelsteinWafaie W Fawzi
Sep 5, 2008·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Ronald A CantrellJeffrey S A Stringer
May 12, 2009·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Suely H TuboiBryan E Shepherd
Jun 23, 2011·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·James H McMahonAlice M Tang
Oct 22, 2010·Nutrition Reviews·Cosby A StoneWafaie W Fawzi
Nov 29, 2013·Science Translational Medicine·Robert L Modlin, Barry R Bloom
Jul 16, 2005·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Eduardo Villamor, Wafaie W Fawzi
Sep 7, 2006·Postgraduate Medical Journal·A Shenkin
Dec 10, 2008·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Mara S MeyerKarl T Kelsey
May 23, 2006·BMC Infectious Diseases·Paul K DrainR Scott McClelland

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.