A rapid diffusion immunoassay in a T-sensor

Nature Biotechnology
A HatchP Yager

Abstract

We have developed a rapid diffusion immunoassay that allows measurement of small molecules down to subnanomolar concentrations in <1 min. This competitive assay is based on measuring the distribution of a labeled probe molecule after it diffuses for a short time from one region into another region containing antigen-specific antibodies. The assay was demonstrated in the T-sensor, a simple microfluidic device that places two fluid streams in contact and allows interdiffusion of their components. The model analyte was phenytoin, a typical small drug molecule. Clinically relevant levels were measured in blood diluted from 10- to 400-fold in buffer containing the labeled antigen. Removal of cells from blood samples was not necessary. This assay compared favorably with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) measurements. Numerical simulations agree well with experimental results and provide insight for predicting assay performance and limitations. The assay is homogeneous, requires <1 microl of reagents and sample, and is applicable to a wide range of analytes.

References

Feb 1, 1978·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·A R McGregorD S Smith
Jan 1, 1976·Journal of Immunological Methods·J W PaxtonJ G Ratcliffe
Feb 1, 1984·Human Pathology·J M Hicks
Jun 15, 1995·Analytical Chemistry·D W Chan
Apr 1, 1994·Nuclear Medicine and Biology·R Ekins
Sep 18, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D SchmalzingD Ehrlich
Feb 10, 1998·Electrophoresis·D Schmalzing, W Nashabeh
Jun 6, 1998·Science·M U KoppA Manz
Nov 5, 1999·Nature Biotechnology·A Y FuS R Quake
Mar 22, 2001·Biophysical Journal·A E KamholzP Yager

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 14, 2002·Electrophoresis·Elisabeth Verpoorte
Dec 17, 2008·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Nicolas F Y DurandPhilippe Renaud
Apr 28, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Alphonsus H C NgAaron R Wheeler
Sep 10, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Christopher A BakerMichael G Roper
Oct 24, 2013·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Mark D TarnNicole Pamme
Dec 17, 2010·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Tingrui Pan, Wei Wang
Mar 10, 2010·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Yoon-Kyoung ChoTaesung Kim
May 29, 2002·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Thomas H SchulteBernhard H Weigl
Mar 12, 2003·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Bernhard H WeiglCatherine R Cabrera
Apr 18, 2007·Analytical Chemistry·Jennifer O FoleyPaul Yager
Aug 2, 2002·Nature·Jonathan Knight
Sep 30, 2005·Nature·Javier Atencia, David J Beebe
Jul 26, 2005·Nature Materials·David JunckerEmmanuel Delamarche
Oct 19, 2010·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Ian Y GoonJ Justin Gooding
Mar 25, 2008·Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering·Paul YagerJohn Gerdes
May 27, 2011·Journal of Biological Engineering·Mandy Ly SinPak Kin Wong
Jul 13, 2011·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Parisutham VinuselviSung Kuk Lee
Jan 8, 2014·Biomicrofluidics·B ChumoD Issadore
Nov 4, 2010·Biomicrofluidics·Toshinori OhashiTakehiko Kitamori
Oct 30, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Wei GuShuichi Takayama
Jun 19, 2007·Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry·Jun YangXiaolin Zheng
Feb 13, 2009·Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry·Tomoya TachiYoshinobu Baba
Feb 25, 2014·Journal of Nanoparticle Research : an Interdisciplinary Forum for Nanoscale Science and Technology·Chao ZhaoXuanhong Cheng
Nov 1, 2008·Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery·Richard F WinkleSanjiv Sharma
Feb 10, 2016·Biomicrofluidics·Aman Kumar Jha, Supreet Singh Bahga
Dec 4, 2009·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Won Gu LeeAli Khademhosseini
Nov 26, 2009·Biosensors & Bioelectronics·Mansoor NasirFrances S Ligler
Nov 4, 2009·International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer·K K Fleming GlassA Hubel
Aug 13, 2015·Scientific Reports·Daniil KarnaushenkoDenys Makarov
Apr 30, 2015·Scientific Reports·Fanxu Meng, Victor M Ugaz
Apr 17, 2007·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Amy E HerrAnup K Singh
Apr 28, 2005·Biosensors & Bioelectronics·Adam BangeWilliam R Heineman
Mar 31, 2005·Annual Review of Physical Chemistry·Matthew A Holden, Paul S Cremer
Jul 16, 2002·Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering·David J BeebeGlenn M Walker
Oct 29, 2005·Drug Discovery Today·Johan PihlDaniel T Chiu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Antibody Specificity

Antibodies produced by B cells are highly specific for antigen as a result of random gene recombination and somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation. As the main effector of the humoral immune system, antibodies can neutralize foreign cells. Find the latest research on antibody specificity here.