A rat model of chronic subdural hematoma: Insight into mechanisms of revascularization and inflammation

Brain Research
Wei QuanRongcai Jiang

Abstract

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurological occurrence in the elderly population with significant impact on the quality of life and work. Studies have attempted to determine the risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of CSDH using models in numerous mammalian species. To date, these animal models have only been able to reproduce limited durations of hematoma which does not accurately reflect the chronic state of CSDH. To address some of these challenges we modified a rat model of CSDH using two consecutive injections of autologous blood resulting in a hematoma of more than three weeks. We observed inflammatory and angiogenic changes related to the development and recovery of CSDH. In this study the technique for producing a CSDH in a small animal model had a success rate of 78.13%. The hematoma was sustainable up to 24 days. Hematoma resolution was associated with a gradual decrease in local pro-inflammatory factors and gradual increase in anti-inflammatory factors as well as proliferation and subsequent maturation of newly formed vessels. These events were also associated with improved behavioral outcome. Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines also paralleled reabsorption of the hematoma. Reduction in ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 21, 2020·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Jinhao HuangRongcai Jiang
Feb 21, 2021·Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery·Dongdong WangCunzu Wang
Jun 8, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Colleen N BodnarAdam D Bachstetter
May 18, 2018·World Neurosurgery·Dana C HollUNKNOWN Dutch Chronic Subdural Hematoma Research Group (DSHR)
Sep 21, 2021·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·Michael T BounajemRamesh Grandhi

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