A readout for large arrays of microwave kinetic inductance detectors

The Review of Scientific Instruments
Sean McHughDan Werthimer

Abstract

Microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) are superconducting detectors capable of counting single photons and measuring their energy in the UV, optical, and near-IR. MKIDs feature intrinsic frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) at microwave frequencies, allowing the construction and readout of large arrays. Due to the microwave FDM, MKIDs do not require the complex cryogenic multiplexing electronics used for similar detectors, such as transition edge sensors, but instead transfer this complexity to room temperature electronics where they present a formidable signal processing challenge. In this paper, we describe the first successful effort to build a readout for a photon counting optical/near-IR astronomical instrument, the ARray Camera for Optical to Near-infrared Spectrophotometry. This readout is based on open source hardware developed by the Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research. Designed principally for radio telescope backends, it is flexible enough to be used for a variety of signal processing applications.

References

Oct 24, 2003·Nature·Peter K DayJonas Zmuidzinas

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Citations

Sep 11, 2014·Nature Communications·Juho LuomahaaraJuha Hassel
Feb 2, 2016·The Review of Scientific Instruments·I D Conway LambD J Reilly
Aug 14, 2015·The European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields·E S BattistelliM Vignati
May 23, 2015·The European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields·B AlpertJ Ullom
Aug 3, 2019·The Review of Scientific Instruments·Hannu SipolaJuha Hassel
Jan 1, 2016·Quantum Information Processing·D De MotteW K Hensinger
Jan 1, 2021·The Review of Scientific Instruments·Neelay FruitwalaBenjamin A Mazin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Astronomy
SMA

Software Mentioned

ARCONS
MKIDs
PYTHON
ROACH

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