A review of combinations of electrokinetic applications

Environmental Geochemistry and Health
Mohamad Jamali MoghadamAlborz Hajiannia

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities contaminate many lands and underground waters with dangerous materials. Although polluted soils occupy small parts of the land, the risk they pose to plants, animals, humans, and groundwater is too high. Remediation technologies have been used for many years in order to mitigate pollution or remove pollutants from soils. However, there are some deficiencies in the remediation in complex site conditions such as low permeability and complex composition of some clays or heterogeneous subsurface conditions. Electrokinetic is an effective method in which electrodes are embedded in polluted soil, usually vertically but in some cases horizontally, and a low direct current voltage gradient is applied between the electrodes. The electric gradient initiates movement of contaminants by electromigration (charged chemical movement), electro-osmosis (movement of fluid), electrolysis (chemical reactions due to the electric field), and diffusion. However, sites that are contaminated with heavy metals or mixed contaminants (e.g. a combination of organic compounds with heavy metals and/or radionuclides) are difficult to remediate. There is no technology that can achieve the best results, but combining electrokinetic with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 24, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Sudabeh PourfadakariNader Yousefi
Mar 17, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shuming LiuJun Fang
Jan 9, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Huilin LiDongwei Li
Dec 15, 2020·Journal of Environmental Management·Gholamreza AsadollahfardiJuan Manuel Paz-Garcia
May 2, 2021·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Arulpoomalai Ayyanar, Shashidhar Thatikonda

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