A Review of Default Mode Network Connectivity and Its Association With Social Cognition in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Early-Onset Psychosis

Frontiers in Psychiatry
Aarti NairCarrie E Bearden

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated substantial phenotypic overlap, notably social impairment, between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of social impairments across these distinct neuropsychiatric disorders has not yet been fully examined. Most neuroimaging studies to date have focused on adults with these disorders, with little known about the neural underpinnings of social impairments in younger populations. Here, we present a narrative review of the literature available through April 2020 on imaging studies of adolescents with either ASD or early-onset psychosis (EOP), to better understand the shared and unique neural mechanisms of social difficulties across diagnosis from a developmental framework. We specifically focus on functional connectivity studies of the default mode network (DMN), as the most extensively studied brain network relevant to social cognition across both groups. Our review included 29 studies of DMN connectivity in adolescents with ASD (Mean age range = 11.2-21.6 years), and 14 studies in adolescents with EOP (Mean age range = 14.2-24.3 years). Of these, 15 of 29 studies in ASD adolescents found predominant underconnectivity when ex...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Roscoe O BradyKathryn E Lewandowski
May 27, 2021·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Anne Teissier, Alessandra Pierani
Jul 18, 2021·Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders·Vânia TavaresDiana Prata
Oct 10, 2021·Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI·Faranak RafieeIlyssa J Yousem

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