A review of neuroprotective agents

Current Medicinal Chemistry
M S Levi, M A Brimble

Abstract

The brain remains an area where little corrective surgery can be performed and the reversal of damage is almost impossible. Recently, reports of agents offering neuroprotection have begun to appear in the literature. The concept of neuroprotection is the administration of some agent, which should reverse some of the damage or prevent further damage. Some agents offer protection against cell degeneration to the neuronal cells. Still other agents specifically protect the dopamine neurons and the retina. The majority of neuroprotective agents are antioxidants. An immunosuppressive calcineurin inhibitor, NOS inhibitor, sigma-1 modulator, AMPA antagonist and Ca2+ channel blocker have all shown neuroprotective activity. An estrogen agonist and two glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists also exhibit neuroprotective activity. Most of the synthetic compounds presented were not originally designed as neuroprotective agents but were found to possess neuroprotective activity in later studies. Many of these compounds are biologically active natural products, either plant extracts or endogenous peptides/proteins. This review will present the most recent reports on these agents.

Citations

Sep 27, 2006·Neurotoxicity Research·Keith ChiassonMaria-Grazia Martinoli
Nov 6, 2010·Archives of Pharmacal Research·Young Choong Kim
Jul 14, 2012·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Emilio RussoGiovambattista De Sarro
Jun 6, 2008·Neuroscience Letters·Jiraporn TocharusPiyarat Govitrapong
Nov 27, 2007·Progress in Neurobiology·Hervé AllainYvette Akwa
Jun 15, 2011·Brain Research Bulletin·Giselle Pentón-RolEduardo Pentón-Arias
Dec 18, 2015·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Chao ZhangChengwei He
Jul 7, 2007·Journal of Pineal Research·Sirirat KlongpanichapakPiyarat Govitrapong
Sep 10, 2005·Journal of Pineal Research·Ignacio Vega-NaredoAna Coto-Montes
Jul 11, 2009·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Shrinivas K Kulkarni, Ashish Dhir
Oct 28, 2006·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Grazia LombardiGiovanni Appendino

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