A Review of Propensity-Score Methods and Their Use in Cardiovascular Research

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
Saswata DebStephen E Fremes

Abstract

Observational studies using propensity-score methods have been increasing in the cardiovascular literature because randomized controlled trials are not always feasible or ethical. However, propensity-score methods can be confusing, and the general audience may not fully understand the importance of this technique. The objectives of this review are to describe (1) the fundamentals of propensity score methods, (2) the techniques to assess for propensity-score model adequacy, (3) the 4 major methods for using the propensity score (matching, stratification, covariate adjustment, and inverse probability of treatment weighting [IPTW]) using examples from previously published cardiovascular studies, and (4) the strengths and weaknesses of these 4 techniques. Our review suggests that matching or IPTW using the propensity score have shown to be most effective in reducing bias of the treatment effect.

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Citations

Jan 3, 2016·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Lisa L Strate, Thomas F Imperiale
Feb 3, 2016·The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Saswata Deb, Stephen E Fremes
Jul 9, 2016·International Journal of Cardiology·Hisato TakagiUNKNOWN ALICE (All-Literature Investigation of Cardiovascular Evidence) Group
Sep 2, 2016·Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research·Sara Jane WebbPierre D Mourad
Sep 15, 2016·Thrombosis and Haemostasis·Walter Ageno, Alexander G G Turpie
Sep 16, 2016·Clinical and Experimental Nephrology·Ko HanaiYasuko Uchigata
Apr 11, 2018·Evaluation & the Health Professions·Jenn-Yun TeinSharlene A Wolchik
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Jan 22, 2017·Journal of the American Heart Association·Jacob A UdellDennis T Ko
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