A review of the longevity of effect of botulinum toxin in wrinkle treatments

British Dental Journal
G WrightS B Mehta

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is widely used in facial rhytide treatments. The duration of its effects influences treatment intervals, cost and convenience to the patient. These are key factors in successful aesthetic procedures. A review of the literature found that duration of effect was between two and six months, with most experiencing loss of maximal contraction for three to four months. Treatments may last between three to four months, and occasionally up to six months. No specific definition of effectiveness/efficacy has been described and used to measure comparable end points. Additional research should help clarify the impact of brand, age, gender, ethnicity, repetition of treatment and zinc-phytase supplementation.

References

Sep 1, 1993·Archives of Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery·A BlitzerJ E Aviv
Sep 29, 2005·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Alastair Carruthers, Jean Carruthers
Jun 20, 2006·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Easwaran RavichandranLance L Simpson
Nov 15, 2006·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Canice E CrerandDavid B Sarwer
Nov 23, 2006·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·J O Dolly, K R Aoki
Feb 28, 2009·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Sarah Connor GorberMark Tremblay
Mar 3, 2009·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Pearl E Grimes, Dwana Shabazz
Mar 18, 2009·Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery·Ronald MoyUNKNOWN Reloxin Investigational Group
May 18, 2011·Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]·Roger A DaileyGreg Tardie
Mar 23, 2013·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Lance Simpson
Apr 10, 2013·Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)·Divya BhatnagarAlexander B Dagum

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 9, 2020·Scars, Burns & Healing·Catrin Sohrabi, Ioannis Goutos
Apr 7, 2021·Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift für Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete·A PatilM Goldust

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Botulism (ASM)

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. Discover the latest research on botulism here.

Botulism

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. Discover the latest research on botulism here.

Related Papers

Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et Al.]
Nowell Solish
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Mee-Young Park, Ki-Young Ahn
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
J Niamtu
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved