A revisitation of distractive-extension injuries of the subaxial cervical spine: a cadaveric and radiographic soft tissue analysis

Spine
Dino SamartzisDavid G Anderson

Abstract

A biomechanical cadaveric and radiographic analyses. To identify and elaborate on specific anatomic soft tissue structures that are injured during various stages of a distractive-extension (DE) injury of the lower cervical spine and their role in angulation and posterior translation. Two DE stages (DES) of injury to the cervical spine have been described as follows: DES-1 and DES-2. However, the role of the soft tissue structures involved in such injuries has not been clearly defined. Furthermore, the importance of the facet capsules in DES injuries has not been well-addressed. A total of 15 adult cadaveric motion segments of the lower cervical spine were isolated and tested. Motion segments were mounted, with the cervical spine in extension, such that a distractive load was applied through the cephalad body. Anatomic supporting structures were serially sectioned from anterior to posterior to simulate varying degrees of soft-tissue disruption as occurring with the DE mechanism. Specimens were loaded at each stage of injury and measurements of angulation and posterior translation were recorded from fluoroscopic images by 2 independent observers. A strong correlation was noted between the 2 sets of independent measurements. A sta...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 15, 2003·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Ziv Neeman, Allan I Bloom
Dec 18, 2013·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·R Martínez-PérezA Lagares
Jun 12, 2021·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Christian Liebsch, Hans-Joachim Wilke

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