A role for APPL1 in TLR3/4-dependent TBK1 and IKKε activation in macrophages

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Tieu-Lan ChauAlain Chariot

Abstract

Endosomes have important roles in intracellular signal transduction as a sorting platform. Signaling cascades from TLR engagement to IRF3-dependent gene transcription rely on endosomes, yet the proteins that specifically recruit IRF3-activating molecules to them are poorly defined. We show that adaptor protein containing a pleckstrin-homology domain, a phosphotyrosine-binding domain, and a leucine zipper motif (APPL)1, an early endosomal protein, is required for both TRIF- and retinoic acid-inducible gene 1-dependent signaling cascades to induce IRF3 activation. APPL1, but not early endosome Ag 1, deficiency impairs IRF3 target gene expression upon engagement of both TLR3 and TLR4 pathways, as well as in H1N1-infected macrophages. The IRF3-phosphorylating kinases TBK1 and IKKε are recruited to APPL1 endosomes in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Interestingly, APPL1 undergoes proteasome-mediated degradation through ERK1/2 to turn off signaling. APPL1 degradation is blocked when signaling through the endosome is inhibited by chloroquine or dynasore. Therefore, APPL1 endosomes are critical for IRF3-dependent gene expression in response to some viral and bacterial infections in macrophages. Those signaling pathways involve the signal-in...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 1, 2016·Journal of Neurochemistry·Li-Chun WangGuillermina Almazan
Jan 22, 2017·Cellular Signalling·Zhuoying LiuFang Hu
Nov 1, 2017·Cardiovascular Research·Yaxing ZhangHongliang Li
Jan 1, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Lin LuoJennifer L Stow
May 7, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Wei-Xiang SinKeh-Chuang Chin

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