A role for long-lived radicals (LLR) in radiation-induced mutation and persistent chromosomal instability: counteraction by ascorbate and RibCys but not DMSO

Mutation Research
Charles A WaldrenA Ueno

Abstract

Miazaki, Watanabe, Kumagai and their colleagues reported that induction of HPRT(-) mutants by X-rays in cultured human cells was prevented by ascorbate added 30min after irradiation. They attributed extinction of induced mutation to neutralization by ascorbate of radiation-induced long-lived mutagenic radicals (LLR), found using spectroscopy to have half-lives of minutes or hours. We find that post-irradiation treatment with ascorbate reduces, but does not eliminate, induction of CD59(-) mutants in human-hamster hybrid A(L) cells exposed to high-LET carbon-ions (LET of 100KeV/microm). A(L) cells contain a standard set of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) chromosomes and a single copy of human chromosome 11 containing the CD59 gene which encodes the CD59 cell surface antigen, a convenient marker for mutation. RibCys [2(R, S)-D-ribo-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic acid] a 'prodrug' of l-cysteine which also scavenges LLR, had a similar but lesser effect on induced mutation. DMSO, which scavenges classical radicals like H* and OH* but not LLR, also reduced mutation, but only when it was present during irradiation. The lethality of carbon-ions was not altered by ascorbate, RibCys no matter when added. Post-radi...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2008·Nature Reviews. Cancer·Marco Durante, Francis A Cucinotta
Jun 20, 2008·Molecular Endocrinology·Boris RisekWilliam T Schrader
Apr 24, 2010·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·Lawrence T DauerPhung Tran
Nov 4, 2008·International Journal of Radiation Biology·Tadayuki HaradaMasami Watanabe
Sep 10, 2009·Mutation Research·M WojewódzkaI Szumiel
Apr 10, 2007·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·Yuko KinashiKoji Ono
Jul 1, 2004·Mutation Research·Andrew R Collins, Lynnette R Ferguson
Aug 18, 2009·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Emmanouil FokasRita Engenhart-Cabillic
Mar 1, 2007·Journal of Radiation Research·Nobuyuki HamadaYasuhiko Kobayashi

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