Abstract
Despite recent success in reducing its incidence, tuberculosis remains a considerable challenge in Canada, particularly among foreign-born and Indigenous populations. A key component of the strategy for controlling the disease is the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. The standard treatment consists of isoniazid (INH) daily for nine months. In recent years, shorter regimens have been developed in the hope of increasing rates of treatment acceptance and completion. Of these, the shortest and most recently developed is a combination of INH and rifapentine taken once weekly for 12 doses (3HP), typically using directly observed therapy (DOT). This regimen has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States but is not yet authorized in Canada. Based on a rapidly expanding number of observational studies and randomized controlled trials, 12 weeks of 3HP appears to have similar efficacy to nine months of INH, a favourable adverse event profile and potentially improved rates of treatment completion. Although rates of treatment acceptance, the role of self-administered therapy and the regimen's cost-effectiveness within the Canadian context remain uncertain, 3HP is a promising alternative to existing trea...Continue Reading
References
Feb 1, 1974·American Journal of Epidemiology·G W ComstockS F Woolpert
Sep 1, 1983·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·H C Neu
Jun 8, 1999·Lancet·A VernonL Bozeman
Feb 17, 2005·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Javier Ena, Victoria Valls
Feb 14, 2006·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Mauro SchechterRichard E Chaisson
Sep 27, 2006·Archives of Internal Medicine·Kathleen R PageSusan E Dorman
Dec 15, 2006·Chest·Alfred LardizabalLee B Reichman
May 2, 2009·The European Respiratory Journal·U MackUNKNOWN TBNET
Aug 7, 2009·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Jiehui LiMarie Dorsinville
Apr 23, 2010·Respirology : Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology·Philip Lobue, Dick Menzies
Jul 8, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Neil A MartinsonRichard E Chaisson
Dec 14, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Timothy R SterlingUNKNOWN TB Trials Consortium PREVENT TB Study Team
May 9, 2012·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Kevin P CainConnie A Haley
Nov 10, 2013·The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·D ShepardsonW R Mac Kenzie
Jun 7, 2014·The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·Dylan Shepardson, William R MacKenzie
Aug 12, 2014·Annals of Internal Medicine·Helen R StaggIbrahim Abubakar
Mar 21, 2015·The European Respiratory Journal·Knut LönnrothMario C Raviglione
Apr 24, 2015·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Timothy R SterlingUNKNOWN Tuberculosis Trials Consortium
Sep 5, 2015·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Natalie L StennisMichelle Macaraig
Nov 10, 2015·Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved·Gregory LinesSarah Bleything
Feb 18, 2016·Open Forum Infectious Diseases·Maria Juarez-ReyesNeha S Shah
Mar 10, 2016·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Ruth N MoroStefan V Goldberg
Oct 30, 2016·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Hannah AlsdurfDick Menzies
Aug 26, 2016·Medicine·Yi-Wen HuangShih-Ming Tsao
Apr 13, 2017·BMC Infectious Diseases·Christopher PeaseGonzalo G Alvarez