A simple method for improved assay demonstrates that HIV p24 antigen is present as immune complexes in most sera from HIV-infected individuals

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
P NishanianJ L Fahey

Abstract

Improved detection and quantitation of p24 antigen of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sera was obtained by pH 2.5-3.0 pretreatment of samples before using a standard HIV p24 antigen ELISA. Pretreatment dissociated immune complexes and denatured antibodies with little or no compromise of p24 antigen immunoreactivity. For 652 HIV antibody-positive sera, direct comparison of the pretreatment with the conventional assay demonstrated substantial increase in both antigen positivity (50.6% vs. 12.4%) and in the level of p24 antigen in sera. Serum HIV antigen is mainly in the form of immune complexes in most individuals at all stages of HIV infection. Longitudinal study of 1 year (three measurements) on 29 seroconverters demonstrated two main patterns of p24 antigen expression in sera: 34.5% of infected individuals never express any form of detectable HIV antigen and 58.6% persistently demonstrate serum p24 antigen, usually in complex with antibody. Only 6.9% show episodic p24 antigen positivity.

Citations

Jan 1, 1997·Springer Seminars in Immunopathology·D C Montefiori
May 1, 1993·Journal of Clinical Immunology·M B VasudevachariH C Lane
Sep 1, 1992·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·M A Rodríguez-IglesiasJ Mira
Jul 1, 1993·Journal of Virological Methods·B van GemenP Lens
Nov 1, 1993·Journal of Biotechnology·I MarczinovitsJ Molnár
Aug 2, 2000·Journal of Virological Methods·R HarringtonM Emerman
Jun 7, 2000·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·M StanojevicL J Markovic
Jan 1, 1996·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·M StanojevicL Markovic
Dec 22, 2011·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·TeLang WuHildegund C J Ertl
Sep 3, 1992·The New England Journal of Medicine·P L KimmelC T Garrett
Jan 1, 1992·Viral Immunology·M C SticklerS Zolla-Pazner
Apr 1, 1996·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association·A M LevineJ Salk
Aug 1, 1996·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association·R T SchooleyJ Kahn
Aug 1, 1996·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology : Official Publication of the International Retrovirology Association·E LyamuyaG Biberfeld
Jan 1, 1994·Vox Sanguinis·M GutiérrezJ Gonzalez-Lahoz
Dec 8, 2005·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Cheryl JenningsJames W Bremer
Jul 27, 2004·American Journal of Clinical Pathology·Janet M BarlettaNiel T Constantine
Aug 1, 1997·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·S J Best, E M Dax
Jan 20, 2016·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Ehsan NobakhtPaul L Kimmel
Dec 1, 1993·Kidney International·P L KimmelC T Garrett
Nov 18, 2008·Seminars in Nephrology·Scott D Cohen, Paul L Kimmel
Dec 1, 1990·The American Journal of Medicine·M A Polis, H Masur
Apr 1, 1992·Current Problems in Surgery·J G Bartlett
Jan 1, 1996·The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC·J M ZellerB Swanson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.