A single dose polyanhydride-based nanovaccine against paratuberculosis infection.

NPJ Vaccines
Akanksha ThukralAdel M Talaat

Abstract

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis) causes Johne's disease in ruminants and is characterized by chronic gastroenteritis leading to heavy economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. The currently available vaccine (inactivated bacterin in oil base) is not effective in preventing pathogen shedding and is rarely used to control Johne's disease in dairy herds. To develop a better vaccine that can prevent the spread of Johne's disease, we utilized polyanhydride nanoparticles (PAN) to encapsulate mycobacterial antigens composed of whole cell lysate (PAN-Lysate) and culture filtrate (PAN-Cf) of M. paratuberculosis. These nanoparticle-based vaccines (i.e., nanovaccines) were well tolerated in mice causing no inflammatory lesions at the site of injection. Immunological assays demonstrated a substantial increase in the levels of antigen-specific T cell responses post-vaccination in the PAN-Cf vaccinated group as indicated by high percentages of triple cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α) producing CD8+ T cells. Following challenge, animals vaccinated with PAN-Cf continued to produce significant levels of double (IFN-γ, TNF-α) and single cytokine (IFN-γ) secreting CD8+ T cells compared with animals vaccinated w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 29, 2020·Biomaterials·David WibowoBernd H A Rehm
Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Teresia W MainaJodi L McGill

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
flow cytometry
flow-cytometry
nuclear magnetic resonance
nanoprecipitation
scanning electron microscopy
flow
FACS

Software Mentioned

FlowJo
GraphPad Prism
SoftMax Pro

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