A Sphingomonas bacterium interacting with epithelial cells

Research in Microbiology
Maria Grazia AmmendoliaLucilla Baldassarri

Abstract

Bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas are environmental organisms that have recently been implicated in a variety of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. During studies on bacteria-cell interactions, we incurred a microorganism contaminating our HeLa cell culture, possibly from water utilized for reagent preparation; this bacterium appeared to tightly adhere to cell monolayers and to survive, with only limited growth rate, which did not seem to alter cells as far as shape, growth rate or survival were concerned. The contaminating organism was isolated and partially characterized by morphological, genetic, and biochemical assays. Mechanisms of cell interaction and entry into epithelial cells were investigated by electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and biochemical inhibitors. Morphological and biochemical features indicated that the microorganism belonged to the genus Sphingomonas. Electron microscopy showed that contact between the Sphingomonas bacterium and epithelial cells leads to a dramatic alteration of the cell surface, with formation of numerous microvillar extensions plus membrane ruffling. Confocal microscopy and the use of inhibitors showed that actin microfilaments were involved during attachment and entry ...Continue Reading

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