A stereological analysis of NPY, POMC, Orexin, GFAP astrocyte, and Iba1 microglia cell number and volume in diet-induced obese male mice

Endocrinology
Moyra B LemusZane B Andrews

Abstract

The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) contains 2 key neural populations, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and, together with orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, plays an integral role in energy homeostasis. However, no studies have examined total neuronal number and volume after high-fat diet (HFD) exposure using sophisticated stereology. We used design-based stereology to estimate NPY and POMC neuronal number and volume, as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocyte marker) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (microglia marker) cell number in the ARC; as well as orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. Stereological analysis indicated approximately 8000 NPY and approximately 9000 POMC neurons in the ARC, and approximately 7500 orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. HFD exposure did not affect total neuronal number in any population. However, HFD significantly increased average NPY cell volume and affected NPY and POMC cell volume distribution. HFD reduced orexin cell volume but had a bimodal effect on volume distribution with increased cells at relatively small volumes and decreased cells with relatively large volumes. ARC glial fibrillary acidic protein cells increased a...Continue Reading

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