A study on toxic and essential elements in rice from the Republic of Kazakhstan: comparing the level of contamination in rice from the European Community

Environmental Geochemistry and Health
D TattibayevaC M Franco

Abstract

Selected toxic elements (total As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sr, U and V) and essential elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in unpolished and milled rice collected from Kazakhstan and milled rice from Spain and Portugal to evaluate the potential health risk to the population. Arsenic species (arsenite, arsenate, arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinate and monomethilarsonate) were analyzed using HPLC-IC-MS. From 146 samples analyzed, none of them exceeded the maximum limit set by the European Legislation for Cd or Pb or values recommended by the Codex Alimentarius. Concentrations of Sr, U and V were below LOD and those of Hg, Pb, Co and Cr between <LOD and 0.54 mg/kg (highest concentration of Cr) in milled rice. Portuguese rice samples contained the highest mean concentration of As, Hg, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn. The highest mean of arsenobetaine (0.001 mg/kg), dimethylarsinate (0.27 mg/kg) and monomethilarsonate (0.02 mg/kg) was found in Spanish rice and that of arsenite (0.30 mg/kg) in Kazakh rice. Inorganic As in samples from Kazakhstan was above the ML (0.2 mg/kg) proposed by FAO/WHO, but in seven samples from Spain and in four from Portugal were above the limit. The es...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 30, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Health Research·Judie MaguraSreekantha Babu Jonnalagadda
Nov 7, 2019·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, Surveillance·Leticia García-RicoAna Lilia Lopez-Duarte
Apr 28, 2020·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Supanad HensawangPenradee Chanpiwat
Oct 10, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Noelle LiaoJenna Hua
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Jul 1, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Almagul BaubekovaStefan Jurjanz
Aug 25, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Debojyoti MoulickSubhas Chandra Santra

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