A subset of naturally isolated Bacillus strains show extreme virulence to the free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus

Environmental Microbiology
Robbie RaeRalf J Sommer

Abstract

The main food source of free-living nematodes in the soil environment is bacteria, which can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. In order to occupy a reliable source of bacterial food, some nematodes have formed specific relationships with an array of invertebrate hosts (where bacteria proliferate once the hosts dies), thus forming a tritrophic system of nematode, bacteria and insect or other invertebrates. We isolated 768 Bacillus strains from soil (from Germany and the UK), horse dung and dung beetles and fed them to the genetically tractable free-living nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus to isolate nematocidal strains. While C. elegans is a bacteriovorous soil nematode, P. pacificus is an omnivorous worm that is often found in association with scarab beetles. We found 20 Bacillus strains (consisting of B. cereus, B. weihenstephanensis, B. mycoides and Bacillus sp.) that were pathogenic to C. elegans and P. pacificus causing 70% to 100% mortality over 5 days and significantly affect development and brood size. The most pathogenic strains are three B. cereus-like strains isolated from dung beetles, which exhibit extreme virulence to C. elegans in less than 24 h, but P. pacificus remain...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 22, 2013·The ISME Journal·Peter BurlinsonGail M Preston
Feb 22, 2014·Genome Announcements·Igor IatsenkoRalf J Sommer
Aug 1, 2014·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Vahan SerobyanRalf J Sommer
Nov 2, 2014·Ecology and Evolution·S Anaid Diaz, Mark Viney
Apr 29, 2015·BioMed Research International·Julien BrillardAnnette Bérard
Dec 4, 2014·Legal Medicine·Naoki TakadaKazuhiro Takamizawa
Aug 15, 2014·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Ditte A SøborgNiels Kroer
Aug 20, 2016·Scientific Reports·Ziqiang ZhengMing Sun
Nov 16, 2019·Microbial Biotechnology·Lin ZhangQiuhong Niu
May 13, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Muhammad SajidMing Sun

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