PMID: 11913841Mar 27, 2002Paper

A survey of treatment modalities for convergence insufficiency

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
M ScheimanM W Rouse

Abstract

Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common and distinct binocular vision disorder. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the treatment most appropriate for Cl. Possible treatment modalities include base-in prism, pencil pushup therapy (PPT), reading glasses, home-based vision therapy/orthoptics (HBVT), and office-based vision therapy/orthoptics (OBVT). The purpose of this study was to investigate the care process for Cl by surveying eyecare professionals regarding the most common treatment modalities used by both optometrists and ophthalmologists across the United States. Surveys requesting doctors to indicate which treatment(s) they prescribed and believed to be most effective for symptomatic CI patients were mailed to 863 optometrists and 863 ophthalmologists in the United States. Fifty-eight percent of the optometrists responded to the survey; the most common treatment prescribed was PPT (36%) followed by HBVT (22%) and OBVT (16%). For the ophthalmologists (who had a 23% response rate), the most common treatment prescribed was PPT (50%) followed by HBVT (21 %) and base-in prism (10%). This survey suggests that most eyecare practitioners prescribe PPT as the initial treatment for CI.

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Citations

Oct 15, 2008·Archives of Ophthalmology·UNKNOWN Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Study Group
Mar 26, 2009·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Mitchell ScheimanG Lynn Mitchell
Jun 27, 2008·Indian Journal of Ophthalmology·Sourabh D PatwardhanSumeet K Khanduja
Apr 5, 2011·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Angela SernaGary L Rogers
Nov 26, 2009·Optometry : Journal of the American Optometric Association·Pilar Cacho MartínezMaría Teresa Ruiz-Cantero
Sep 1, 2009·Optometry : Journal of the American Optometric Association·Jeffrey Cooper, Jerome Feldman
Sep 8, 2012·Pediatric Annals·Paul G VidalMatthew F Grady
Oct 9, 2009·Optometry : Journal of the American Optometric Association·David A Goss
May 24, 2008·Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery·Emma J Hollick, Bruce D Allan
May 26, 2011·International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society·Fiona RoweCicely Freeman
Nov 29, 2005·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Eugene M Helveston
Jan 30, 2015·Ophthalmology·Rafif GhadbanBrian G Mohney
Jul 13, 2011·Vision Research·Stephanie JaintaZoï Kapoula
Feb 22, 2017·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Hassan HashemiAbbasali Yekta
May 10, 2002·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Michael GallawayKavita Malhotra
Aug 1, 2018·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Mitchell M Scheiman
Jun 10, 2011·Korean Journal of Ophthalmology : KJO·Kyung Min Kim, Bo Young Chun
Dec 14, 2006·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·David A Goss
Jul 27, 2005·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Mitchell ScheimanJanice Wensveen
Feb 27, 2008·Ophthalmic Epidemiology·UNKNOWN Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial (CITT) Study Group
Mar 18, 2011·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Mitchell ScheimanTianjing Li
Dec 5, 2019·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Payam NabovatiMehdi Khabazkhoob
Nov 23, 2013·The American Orthoptic Journal·Sarah Whitecross
Aug 24, 2018·Current Treatment Options in Neurology·Anthony J Brune, Eric R Eggenberger
Dec 3, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Mitchell ScheimanTianjing Li
Mar 11, 2021·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Hassan HashemiMehdi Khabazkhoob

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