A system to measure functional residual capacity in critically ill patients

Critical Care Medicine
W H PaloskiD M Shah

Abstract

The use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) in spontaneously breathing, intubated patients has prompted the development of new procedures for measuring functional residual capacity (FRC). The authors have developed a system for measuring FRC by the multiple breath nitrogen washout technique, which is suitable for use on intubated patients breathing with CPAP, IMV, or intermittent positive pressure ventilation (CONTROL) and on nonintubated patients. This system uses a pair of synchronized volume ventilators to permit a step change in inspired N2 fraction while providing therapeutic ventilatory support. A rapid-response nitrogen analyzer and a modified bellows spirometer are used for continuous measurement of airway nitrogen concentration and expired gas flow rate. FRC is calculated on-line by a digital computer. The system accuracy was tested on a mechanical lung simulator in the CPAP and CONTROL modes. The measured volume was found to agree within 58 +/- 52 ml of the actual volume in the CONTROL mode and within 104 +/- 22 ml in the CPAP mode. The system was also tested for repeatability by making duplicate FRC determinations in patients with respiratory insufficiency. In th...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 1, 1992·Intensive Care Medicine·I GültunaH A Bruining
Feb 22, 2003·Intensive Care Medicine·Jörg ZinserlingChristian Putensen
Jan 1, 1987·Journal of Clinical Monitoring·T D EastN L Pace

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