A systematic approach to novel virus discovery in emerging infectious disease outbreaks

The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics : JMD
Siddharth SridharKwok-Yung Yuen

Abstract

The discovery of novel viruses is of great importance to human health-both in the setting of emerging infectious disease outbreaks and in disease syndromes of unknown etiology. Despite the recent proliferation of many efficient virus discovery methods, careful selection of a combination of methods is important to demonstrate a novel virus, its clinical associations, and its relevance in a timely manner. The identification of a patient or an outbreak with distinctive clinical features and negative routine microbiological workup is often the starting point for virus hunting. This review appraises the roles of culture, electron microscopy, and nucleic acid detection-based methods in optimizing virus discovery. Cell culture is generally slow but may yield viable virus. Although the choice of cell line often involves trial and error, it may be guided by the clinical syndrome. Electron microscopy is insensitive but fast, and may provide morphological clues to choice of cell line or consensus primers for nucleic acid detection. Consensus primer PCR can be used to detect viruses that are closely related to known virus families. Random primer amplification and high-throughput sequencing can catch any virus genome but cannot yield an inf...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 13, 2016·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Alimuddin ZumlaKwok-Yung Yuen
Jul 21, 2017·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Susanna K TanBenjamin A Pinsky
Oct 30, 2019·Open Forum Infectious Diseases·Siddharth SridharKwok-Yung Yuen
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Sep 11, 2019·Veterinary Microbiology·Nur Hidayah Mohd IsaFarina Mustaffa-Kamal
May 13, 2021·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Elham BidramPooyan Makvandi
Nov 6, 2018·Microbiology Spectrum·Ricardo Parreira

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
nucleic acid extraction
PCR
electrophoresis
immunoprecipitation
454 amplification
nucleic acid amplification

Software Mentioned

CODEHOPs
VIDISCA

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