PMID: 11327191May 1, 2001Paper

A test of the appraisal-disruption model of alcohol and stress

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
M A SayetteM R Hufford

Abstract

Faced with a large body of contradictory findings, investigators have begun to propose cognitive factors that moderate the effects of alcohol on stress. We tested the hypothesis, stemming from the appraisal-disruption model (ADM), that alcohol would be more likely to reduce stress when consumed prior to exposure to a stressor than when consumed following exposure. Male and female social drinkers (N = 169, 85 men) with or without a parental history of alcoholism were recruited using separate structured clinical interviews with the participant and with a biological parent. Participants drank a moderate dose of alcohol or a placebo in one of two temporal sequences. Stress was induced by asking participants to present a self-disclosing speech about their physical appearance. Stress responses were assessed using four types of measures: self-reported anxiety, pulse rate, facial expression associated with negative affect and threat-related interference on a color-naming task. Alcohol was generally more likely to attenuate stress responses when initial exposure to a social stressor followed drinking than when it preceded drinking. Findings were consistent with predictions stemming from the ADM. Alcohol appears to be more likely to redu...Continue Reading

Citations

May 31, 2006·Birth·Grace ChangLouise Wilkins-Haug
Dec 7, 2006·The British Journal of Clinical Psychology·Alexander L GerlachFred Rist
Feb 14, 2007·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Martin ZackColin M MacLeod
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Aug 13, 2011·Psychopharmacology·Andrew J WatersIngmar H A Franken
Sep 6, 2011·Journal of Psychopharmacology·V Bess AramakisMartin Zack
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Jun 23, 2021·PloS One·Paul J ZakEdward Stringham
Aug 4, 2021·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Molly A Bowdring, Michael A Sayette

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