A three-dimensional look for facial differences between males and females in a British-Caucasian sample aged 151/2 years old.

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research
Arshed M TomaS Richmond

Abstract

Optical surface scanning accurately records the three-dimension (3D) shape of the face non-invasively. Many software programs have been developed to process and analyze the 3D data, enabling the clinicians to create average templates for groups of subjects to provide a comparison of facial shape. Differences in facial morphology of males and females were identified using a laser scan imaging technology. This study was undertaken on 380 British-Caucasian children aged 15 and a half year old, recruited from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). 3D facial images were obtained for each individual using two high resolution Konica/Minolta laser scanners. The scan quality was assessed and any unsuitable scans were excluded from the study. Average facial templates were created for males and females, and a registration technique was used to superimpose the facial shells of males and females so that facial differences can be quantified. Thirty unsuitable scans were excluded from the study. The final sample consisted of 350 subjects (166 females, 184 males). Females tend to have more prominent eyes and cheeks in relation to males with a maximum difference of 2.4 mm. Males tend to have more prominent noses and mouth...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 9, 2011·European Journal of Orthodontics·Jelena DjordjevicStephen Richmond
May 3, 2011·European Journal of Orthodontics·Iman BugaighisRoss Hobson
Jul 29, 2011·European Journal of Orthodontics·Jelena DjordjevicStephen Richmond
Sep 22, 2011·European Journal of Orthodontics·Arshed M TomaStephen Richmond
Nov 23, 2012·European Journal of Orthodontics·Iman BugaighisRoss Hobson
Nov 30, 2012·European Journal of Orthodontics·Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman
Sep 27, 2014·European Journal of Orthodontics·Ala Al AliJohn Henderson
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Aug 15, 2014·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Nicholas PoundIan S Penton-Voak
Sep 27, 2014·Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research·S M WeinbergM L Marazita
Mar 29, 2014·Journal of Orthodontics·Leslie TalbertNada Souccar
Jun 28, 2015·International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery·U OzsoyE Ogut
Mar 20, 2012·Homo : internationale Zeitschrift für die vergleichende Forschung am Menschen·J VelemínskáM Peterka
Jun 15, 2010·Surgical Innovation·Yasas S N JayaratneLim K Cheung
Jul 16, 2013·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Yun LiuGeorgios Vasileiou Zacharopoulos
Jul 25, 2018·L' Orthodontie française·Arthur Lagorsse, Sarah Gebeile-Chauty
Jan 22, 2009·Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research·A M TomaS Richmond
Dec 25, 2009·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Anne Marie Kuijpers-JagtmanChristos Katsaros
Dec 4, 2009·L' Orthodontie française·Stephen RichmondAlexei I Zhurov
Jan 18, 2013·Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research·H JeonR E Donatelli
Oct 2, 2012·Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research·J PrimozicM Ovsenik
Dec 22, 2017·Aesthetic Plastic Surgery·Ali ModabberAlireza Ghassemi
Nov 6, 2018·Frontiers in Genetics·Stephen RichmondAlexei Zhurov
Nov 9, 2018·Frontiers in Genetics·Jasmien RoosenboomSeth M Weinberg
Jan 18, 2013·Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research·J DjordjevicS Richmond
May 6, 2019·Journal of Orthodontics·Kate ParkerKeith Altman
Nov 10, 2018·Frontiers in Genetics·Karlijne IndencleefPeter Claes
Jun 29, 2021·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·Umut ÖzsoyYilmaz Yildirim
Dec 21, 2018·Journal of Imaging·Damian J J FarnellRaija Lähdesmäki

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