A three-step proteolytic cascade mediates the activation of the peptidoglycan-induced toll pathway in an insect

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Chan-Hee KimBok Luel Lee

Abstract

The recognition of lysine-type peptidoglycans (PG) by the PG recognition complex has been suggested to cause activation of the serine protease cascade leading to the processing of Spätzle and subsequent activation of the Toll signaling pathway. So far, two serine proteases involved in the lysine-type PG Toll signaling pathway have been identified. One is a modular serine protease functioning as an initial enzyme to be recruited into the lysine-type PG recognition complex. The other is the Drosophila Spätzle processing enzyme (SPE), a terminal enzyme that converts Spätzle pro-protein to its processed form capable of binding to the Toll receptor. However, it remains unclear how the initial PG recognition signal is transferred to Spätzle resulting in Toll pathway activation. Also, the biochemical characteristics and mechanism of action of a serine protease linking the modular serine protease and SPE have not been investigated. Here, we purified and cloned a novel upstream serine protease of SPE that we named SAE, SPE-activating enzyme, from the hemolymph of a large beetle, Tenebrio molitor larvae. This enzyme was activated by Tenebrio modular serine protease and in turn activated the Tenebrio SPE. The biochemical ordered functions...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 11, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Nicolas BuchonBruno Lemaitre
Jun 3, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Chunju AnMichael R Kanost
May 29, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Kyung-Baeg RohBok-Luel Lee
Oct 28, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Rui JiangBok-Luel Lee
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