A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones when used as fragrance ingredients

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
RIFM Expert PanelI G Sipes

Abstract

The cyclopentanone and cyclopentenone group of fragrance ingredients was critically evaluated for safety following a complete literature search. For high end users, calculated maximum dermal exposures vary from 0.002% to 15.16% in hydroalcoholic products; systemic exposures vary from 0.0003 to 0.7122 mg/kg/day. The cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones had a low order of acute toxicity and no significant toxicity in repeat dose studies. No mutagenic or genotoxic activity in bacteria and mammalian cell line assays was observed. Developmental toxicity was not observed. Minimal evidence of skin irritation in humans is associated with current levels of use. Eleven materials were tested undiluted for eye irritation; three were considered irritants. No phototoxic and photosensitization reactions were seen with nine materials tested. At concentrations higher than current reported use, 14 materials were non-sensitizing in HRIPT or maximization tests. 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone, 2-heptylidenecyclopentan-1-one and 3-methyl-2-(pentyloxy)-2-cyclopenten-1-one are weak sensitizers and have IFRA Standards. Risk of sensitization to the cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones is generally small under current levels of use. The Panel is of the opinio...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 2, 2019·Journal of Medical Entomology·Johan Sebastián Portilla-PulidoStelia Carolina Mendez-Sanchez
Sep 19, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Marlena PaprockaBeata Gabryś
Jan 29, 2016·Scientific Reports·Pui Yi YungFederico M Lauro
Aug 8, 2015·Organic Letters·Roohollah Kazem ShiroodiVladimir Gevorgyan

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