A wild 'albino' bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from Slovenia shows three bottlenecks in the anthocyanin pathway and significant differences in the expression of several regulatory genes compared to the common blue berry type.

PloS One
Zala ZorencMaja Mikulic-Petkovsek

Abstract

Relative expressions of structural genes and a number of transcription factors of the anthocyanin pathway relevant in Vaccinium species, and related key enzyme activities were compared with the composition and content of metabolites in skins of ripe fruits of wild albino and blue bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) found in Slovenia. Compared to the common blue type, the albino variant had a 151-fold lower total anthocyanin and a 7-fold lower total phenolic content in their berry skin, which correlated with lower gene expression of flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase (FGT; 33-fold), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (FHT; 18-fold), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS; 11-fold), chalcone synthase (CHS, 7.6-fold) and MYBPA1 transcription factor (22-fold). The expression of chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR), anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) and MYBC2 transcription factor was reduced only by a factor of 1.5-2 in the albino berry skins, while MYBR3 and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) were increased to a similar extent. Expression of the SQUAMOSA class transcription factor TDR4, in contrast, was independent of the color type and does therefore not seem to be correlated with anthocyanin formation...Continue Reading

References

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Jul 23, 2013·Trends in Plant Science·Laura Jaakola
Sep 5, 2014·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Maja Mikulic-PetkovsekRobert Veberic
Dec 17, 2014·BMC Plant Biology·Laura ZorattiLaura Jaakola

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Citations

Jun 2, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Catrin Sonja GüntherRichard V Espley
Nov 13, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Yifan YanSimone Diego Castellarin

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