Aberrant clones: Birth order generates life history diversity in Greater Duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza

Ecology and Evolution
Hebah S Mejbel, Andrew M Simons

Abstract

Environmental unpredictability is known to result in the evolution of bet-hedging traits. Variable dormancy enhances survival through harsh conditions, and is widely cited as a diversification bet-hedging trait. The floating aquatic plant, Spirodela polyrhiza (Greater Duckweed), provides an opportunity to study diversification because although partially reliable seasonal cues exist, its growing season is subject to an unpredictable and literally "hard" termination when the surface water freezes, and overwinter survival depends on a switch from production of normal daughter fronds to production of dense, sinking "turions" prior to freeze-over. The problem for S. polyrhiza is that diversified dormancy behavior must be generated among clonally produced, genetically identical offspring. Variation in phenology has been observed in the field, but its sources are unknown. Here, we investigate sources of phenological variation in turion production, and test the hypothesis that diversification in turion phenology is generated within genetic lineages through effects of parental birth order. As expected, phenotypic plasticity to temperature is expressed along a thermal gradient; more interestingly, parental birth order was found to have a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 14, 2020·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·Harry W Hitsman, Andrew M Simons
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Paul FourounjianJoachim Messing

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