PMID: 490176Aug 1, 1979Paper

Abnormal head movements

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
M A Gresty, G M Halmagyi

Abstract

Abnormal head movements have been studied in a variety of diseases using objective recording techniques and the data analysed with respect to the frequency content of the movement. Flopping, nodding, tic, chorea, myoclonic jerks, and most head tremors involve frequencies of approximately 2 and 4 Hz which correspond to the natural fundamental and second harmonic resonances of the head as determined by the mechanical properties of the head/neck system. These findings provide a basis for classification of abnormal head movements as well as an explanation of the characteristics of those arising from hypotonia of the neck muscles. The similarities between tremor frequencies and natural resonances suggest that in the case of the head, tremor arises from disorders of neural mechanisms normally responsible for the fine control of voluntary head movement and for stabilisation of the head during disturbance of posture. Head movements in cases of congenital nystagmus were found to be of two types. Some were of bizarre waveform, in no way assisted vision, and were taken to be of primarily pathological origin and classified as tremors. Others were learned adaptive responses which assisted vision either by interrupting the nystagmus, as in t...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1976·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·M GrestyH Eggars
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Citations

Mar 1, 2006·Experimental Brain Research·David SolomonJohn Jewell
Jul 1, 1981·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·M A Gresty, J J Ell
May 1, 1982·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·M A GrestyL J Findley
Sep 1, 1984·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·M GrestyH Barratt
Feb 4, 2003·The Journal of Physiology·Shapour JaberzadehTimothy S Miles
Mar 3, 2015·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Fatema F Ghasia, Aasef G Shaikh
Dec 8, 2015·Current Opinion in Neurology·Aasef G Shaikh
Jun 9, 2009·Seminars in Pediatric Neurology·Stephanie Keller, Leon S Dure
Jul 29, 2008·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·K P Frei, D D Truong
Sep 15, 2005·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Marco BoveGiovanni Abbruzzese
Feb 8, 2013·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Diego KaskiAdolfo M Bronstein
Jan 1, 1987·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·M Gresty
Jun 15, 2011·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Evangelos AnagnostouDimitri Anastasopoulos
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Oto-laryngologica. Supplementum·K TaguchiM Sakaguchi
Jan 1, 1981·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·M Gresty, G M Halmagyi
Jul 1, 1991·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·J E Jan
Jun 1, 1983·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·G Nellhaus
Nov 11, 2021·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Jingsheng YangFan Xu

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