Absence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 and Kiss1 activation in alpha-fetoprotein knockout mice: prenatal estrogens defeminize the potential to show preovulatory luteinizing hormone surges.

Endocrinology
David González-MartínezJ Bakker

Abstract

Sex differences in gonadal function are driven by either cyclical (females) or tonic (males) hypothalamic GnRH1 release and, subsequently, gonadotrophin (LH and FSH) secretion from the pituitary. This sex difference seems to depend on the perinatal actions of gonadal hormones on the hypothalamus. We used alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) knockout mice (Afp(-/-)) to study the mechanisms by which estrogens affect the sexual differentiation of the GnRH1 system. Afp(-/-) mice lack the protective actions of AFP against estrogens circulating during embryonic development, leading to infertility probably due to a hypothalamic dysfunction. Therefore, we first determined whether Afp(-/-) females are capable of showing a steroid-induced preovulatory LH surge by FOS/GnRH1 immunohistochemistry and RIA of plasma LH levels. Because the KISS1/GPR54 system is a key upstream regulator of the GnRH1 system as well as being sexually dimorphic, we also analyzed whether Kisspeptin-10 neurons were activated in Afp(-/-) mice after treatment with estradiol and progesterone. We found that the GnRH1 and Kisspeptin-10 neuronal systems are defeminized in Afp(-/-) females because they did not show either steroid-induced LH surges or significant FOS/GnRH1 double labeli...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 8, 2008·Nature Medicine·Manuel Tena-Sempere
Sep 20, 2012·Endocrinology·Robert L Goodman, Michael N Lehman
Jan 10, 2014·The Journal of Endocrinology·Lydie NauléSakina Mhaouty-Kodja
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Aug 3, 2010·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·E DesroziersI Franceschini
Apr 23, 2015·The Journal of Endocrinology·Tony M Plant
Jan 23, 2016·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·Nancy G ForgerAlexandra Castillo-Ruiz
Feb 12, 2009·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·J Clarkson, A E Herbison
Jul 17, 2010·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Hiroko TsukamuraKei-ichiro Maeda
Jul 4, 2019·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Noelia P Di GiorgioVictoria Lux-Lantos
Aug 2, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Lori Asarian, Nori Geary
Oct 2, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Matthew BeymerMaricedes Acosta-Martínez
Dec 14, 2019·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Badr KhbouzCharlotte A Cornil
Jul 20, 2012·Physiological Reviews·Leonor PinillaManuel Tena-Sempere
Aug 12, 2010·Physiology·Xavier d'Anglemont de Tassigny, William Henry Colledge
May 23, 2017·Human Reproduction Update·Panagiota Filippou, Roy Homburg
Jun 12, 2009·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·J ClarksonA E Herbison

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