Absorption of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in human connective tissue using iontophoresis

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
A Burke Gurney, Daniel C Wascher

Abstract

Iontophoresis ostensibly facilitates the delivery of medications through the skin to underlying tissues using a direct electrical current. Dexamethasone is the most commonly used medication with iontophoresis to treat a variety of connective tissue disorders. Iontophoresis will facilitate the absorption of dexamethasone into connective tissue compared with diffusion. Controlled laboratory study. Twenty-nine adults undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery using the semitendinosus/gracilis autograft were randomly assigned to either a true iontophoresis (TI) or sham iontophoresis (SI). In the TI group, a 40-mA/min dose of iontophoresis using a 0.4% (4 mg/mL) solution of dexamethasone was used targeting the semitendinosus tendon just before surgery. The SI group underwent the same treatment, but the machine was not turned on. Tissue was extracted within 4 hours of treatment and analyzed for dexamethasone. In addition, 2 control samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis. There was a statistically significant difference in dexamethasone concentrations between the groups (P = .0216). Of the 16 samples in the TI group, 8 had measurable amounts of dexamethasone, with an average concentration of 2.906 ng/g of t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 25, 2011·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·Thiru M Annaswamy, Andrew H Morchower
Jul 1, 2011·Sports Health·A Burke GurneyBettina Jaramillo
Jul 1, 2014·The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy·Stephen M ShafferCarol A Courtney
Feb 14, 2015·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Justin H RigbyGary W Mack
Oct 29, 2015·Journal of Athletic Training·Justin H RigbyDavid O Draper
Jun 15, 2011·PM & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation·Robert L BakerMichael Fredericson
Aug 3, 2010·The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons·Erik DorfL Andrew Koman
Oct 30, 2020·Journal of Sport Rehabilitation·Brady M SmithJustin H Rigby
Feb 12, 2020·ACS Nano·Seyyed Mohsen Beladi-MousaviMartin Pumera

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