Accelerated hepatic glycerol synthesis in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) is fuelled directly by glucose and alanine: a 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance study

Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Comparative Experimental Biology
John A WalterWilliam R Driedzic

Abstract

At seawater temperatures below 1 degrees C, rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) accumulate plasma levels of glycerol up to 400 mM. Aspects of the synthesis of glycerol in liver and its regulation were previously investigated, but the pathways leading to glycerol synthesis remained unconfirmed. Here, we report nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies which elucidate, in more detail, the fuel sources for rapid glycerol synthesis in rainbow smelt. Initial NMR analysis of liver homogenates from fish held at cold (-1 degrees C) temperatures and from fish transferred from 8 degrees C to -1 degrees C showed elevated glycerol, whereas those from fish held at 8 degrees C had far lower glycerol levels. These results confirm a temperature-responsive glycerol synthesis and show that NMR is a suitable approach to investigate the phenomenon. Further studies with fish held at low temperature and injected with labelled L-[2,3-(13)C(2)] alanine or D-[U-(13)C(6)]glucose revealed conversion of both alanine and glucose to glycerol. (13)C spectra showed satellites ((1)J(CC)=41.1 Hz) about the glycerol resonances indicating intact incorporation of a (13)C-(13)C unit in liver glycerol of fish injected with L-[2,3-(13)C(2)]alanine and a (13)C-(13)C-(13)C u...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2008·Marine Biotechnology·K R von SchalburgB F Koop
Aug 9, 2013·Fish Physiology and Biochemistry·Delphine Ditlecadet, William R Driedzic
Jul 29, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jianqi YangRichard W Hanson
Jun 10, 2015·Marine Drugs·Sandra A De PascaliFrancesco P Fanizzi
Jul 19, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Kathy A ClowWilliam R Driedzic
Dec 28, 2012·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Delphine Ditlecadet, William R Driedzic
Apr 30, 2015·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·William R Driedzic
Dec 24, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Delphine DitlecadetWilliam R Driedzic
Jul 8, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Jennifer R HallWilliam R Driedzic
Aug 11, 2007·The Journal of Experimental Biology·William R Driedzic, Connie E Short
Jul 16, 2008·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Leonardo MagnoniJean-Michel Weber

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