Accumulation and subcellular distribution of cadmium in rygegrass induced by Aspergillus niger TL-F2 and Aspergillus flavus TL-F3.

International Journal of Phytoremediation
Ting FanYusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh

Abstract

Although plant growth-promoting fungi can greatly accelerate the ryegrass bioaccumulation of cadmium (Cd), the underlying mechanisms are not yet well documented. Therefore, we performed a 20-days hydroponic experiment to investigate the effects of Aspergillus niger TL-F2 (A. niger TL-F2) and Aspergillus flavus TL-F3 (A. flavus TL-F3) on accumulation/subcellular distribution of Cd by annual ryegrass Dongmu 70 at different Cd concentrations (0, 2.5, and 5 mg L-1). Results indicated that both fungal strains promoted ryegrass biomass/growth by about 60%. Furthermore, we found that ryegrass roots (17.8-37.1 μg pot-1) had a significantly higher capability for Cd uptake than the shoots (1.66-5.45 μg pot-1) (p < 0.05). Of total Cd in ryegrass plants, 44-67% was in soluble form, 24-37% was in cell wall, and 8.5-25.5% was in organelles. Compared with non-fungus ryegrass, cell wall and soluble Cd fractions in fungus-inoculated roots increased and decreased by 13.5-44% and 21.5-26.4%, respectively. Besides, fungus inoculation generally increased the content of cell wall and soluble Cd fractions in ryegrass shoots. Altogether, the study concludes that inoculation of fungus in ryegrass is a promising approach to improve phytoremediation of C...Continue Reading

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