Accumulation of salicylic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in phloem fluids of cucumber during systemic acquired resistance is preceded by a transient increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in petioles and stems

Plant Physiology
J Smith-BeckerN T Keen

Abstract

Cucumber (Cucumis sativa) leaves infiltrated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae cells produced a mobile signal for systemic acquired resistance between 3 and 6 h after inoculation. The production of a mobile signal by inoculated leaves was followed by a transient increase in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity in the petioles of inoculated leaves and in stems above inoculated leaves; with peaks in activity at 9 and 12 h, respectively, after inoculation. In contrast, PAL activity in inoculated leaves continued to rise slowly for at least 18 h. No increases in PAL activity were detected in healthy leaves of inoculated plants. Two benzoic acid derivatives, salicylic acid (SA) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA), began to accumulate in phloem fluids at about the time PAL activity began to increase, reaching maximum concentrations 15 h after inoculation. The accumulation of SA and 4HBA in phloem fluids was unaffected by the removal of all leaves 6 h after inoculation, and seedlings excised from roots prior to inoculation still accumulated high levels of SA and 4HBA. These results suggest that SA and 4HBA are synthesized de novo in stems and petioles in response to a mobile signal from the inoculated leaf.

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Citations

Feb 6, 2009·Journal of Applied Genetics·H Olczak-WoltmanK Niemirowicz-Szczytt
Feb 13, 2001·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·R M. RiveroL Romero
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Aug 12, 2010·Plant Physiology·Ye XiaPradeep Kachroo
Mar 5, 2014·Journal of Experimental Botany·Qing-Ming GaoPradeep Kachroo
May 2, 2002·Physiologia Plantarum·Reinaldo Campos-Vargas, Mikal E Saltveit
Sep 5, 2002·Physiologia Plantarum·Igor A KostenyukJacqueline K Burns
Sep 1, 2004·Molecular Plant Pathology·Aart J E VAN Bel, Frank Gaupels
Jan 8, 2015·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Arjen VanDoornRobert C Schuurink
Mar 21, 2017·Frontiers in Plant Science·Tinne BoeckxAlison H Kingston-Smith
Dec 3, 2017·Microbial Ecology·Shahzad MunirYueqiu He
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