Acquired myopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction may be due to autoimmune enteric leiomyositis

Gastroenterology
Tarja H RuuskaP J Milla

Abstract

We describe a previously healthy boy who developed intestinal pseudo-obstruction following an episode of gastroenteritis at age 2 years. At presentation, the patient had mildly raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level, and elevated antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, antinuclear anti-DNA, and anti-smooth muscle antibodies. His electrogastrography was myopathic with no dominant frequency. First full-thickness intestinal biopsies showed a T lymphocytic myositis, particularly in the circular muscle. Steroid therapy resulted in clinical remission; cessation of steroids, in relapse. Further full-thickness biopsies showed an initial reduction in alpha-smooth muscle actin immunostaining in circular muscle myocytes and later atrophy and disappearance of many myocytes. Vascular and the remaining enteric smooth muscle cells showed HLA-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression. These observations demonstrate the ability of enteric myocytes to take part in an inflammatory response and to change their phenotype, allowing them to act as antigen-presenting cells and to activate T cells. This and possible cytokine production by the myocytes play a role in their own destruction. This process responded to i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 27, 2015·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·A C ZacutoS L Marks
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Mar 4, 2021·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Delphine MartirePascal de Santa Barbara
Apr 13, 2021·Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie·Bismark Osei SarfoGötz von Wichert

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