PMID: 8966995Jun 1, 1996Paper

Acquired resistance and antibody response of raccoons (Procyon lotor) to sequential feedings of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae)

Veterinary Parasitology
L E CraigB S Schwartz

Abstract

Captive-bred raccoons (Procyon lotor) developed immune resistance to infestation by the larval stage of the ixodid tick, Ixodes scapularis, the vector of Borrelia burgdorferi, following repeated applications of both nymphs and larvae. Resistance was expressed as a significant decrease in the proportion of engorged larvae recovered from each cohort. Resistance to nymphs was not noted, but, only two such cohorts were applied. Utilizing an enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay (ELISA) developed to detect raccoon serum antibodies to tick salivary gland antigens, raccoons evidenced a two to ten-fold increase in anti-tick salivary extract antibody titer following the application of two cohorts of nymphs and eights cohorts of larvae. The tick saliva antigens recognized by both pre- and post-exposure raccoon sera were evaluated by Western blotting. The production of antibodies correlated with the development of resistance to infestation, suggesting that the resistance was immune-mediated and could be measured by anti-tick salivary extract antibody titers. Resistance in exposed raccoons prevents nearly 90% of larvae from prolonged feeding. Prolonged feeding is required for engorgement and the transmission of various infectious agents, such...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1992·Experimental & Applied Acarology·A M Janse van VuurenA W Neitz
Oct 11, 1991·Journal of Wildlife Diseases·L A MagnarelliJ F Anderson
Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Wildlife Diseases·W M BoyceR K Clark
Jul 1, 1990·Journal of Wildlife Diseases·D Fish, T J Daniels
Jun 1, 1989·Experimental & Applied Acarology·J R Allen
Jan 1, 1989·Veterinary Research Communications·B C Njau
Feb 1, 1985·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·J M RibeiroA Spielman
Jun 1, 1988·Veterinary Parasitology·S J Brown
Jan 1, 1988·Veterinary Research Communications·B C NjauA Mutani
Sep 1, 1988·Experimental & Applied Acarology·A A LatifT S Dhadialla
Dec 1, 1985·Experimental Parasitology·H MinouraS Kitamura
Aug 1, 1993·International Journal for Parasitology·J Y Wong, J P Opdebeeck

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 21, 2005·Journal of Comparative Pathology·B A SummersR K Straubinger
Apr 8, 2009·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological Genetics and Physiology·Irina S KhokhlovaA Allan Degen
Apr 21, 2006·Ecology Letters·F KeesingR S Ostfeld
Sep 8, 2011·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological Genetics and Physiology·Jonas VergauwenWendt Müller
Feb 13, 2010·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Ryan J Monello, Matthew E Gompper
Sep 1, 2009·Epidemics·N H Ogden, J I Tsao
Dec 7, 2019·Journal of Medical Entomology·Susan P EliasRobert P Smith

❮ Previous
Next ❯