Acquisition of Cancer Stem Cell-like Properties in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells after a Long-term Exposure to Carbon Nanomaterials

Environmental Science. Nano
Chayanin KiratipaiboonYon Rojanasakul

Abstract

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a key driver of tumor formation and metastasis, but how they are affected by nanomaterials is largely unknown. The present study investigated the effects of different carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) on neoplastic and CSC-like transformation of human small airway epithelial cells and determined the underlying mechanisms. Using a physiologically relevant exposure model (long-term/low-dose) with system validation using a human carcinogen, asbestos, we demonstrated that single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, ultrafine carbon black, and crocidolite asbestos induced particle-specific anchorage-independent colony formation, DNA-strand break, and p53 downregulation, indicating genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of CNMs. The chronic CNM-exposed cells exhibited CSC-like properties as indicated by 3D spheroid formation, anoikis resistance, and CSC markers expression. Mechanistic studies revealed specific self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors that are involved in the cellular transformation process. Pathway analysis of gene signaling networks supports the role of SOX2 and SNAI1 signaling in CNM-mediated transformation. These finding...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2021·Cancers·Marcella Barbarino, Antonio Giordano
Jan 19, 2021·ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering·Chayanin KiratipaiboonYon Rojanasakul
Oct 8, 2021·Reviews on Environmental Health·Xiaotong YangLiming Li

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft
electron microscopy
electrophoresis
scanning electron microscopy
bronchoalveolar lavage

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Upstream Analysis in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis ( IPA )

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