Actin cytoskeleton self-organization in single epithelial cells and fibroblasts under isotropic confinement

Journal of Cell Science
Salma JalalYee Han Tee

Abstract

Actin cytoskeleton self-organization in two cell types, fibroblasts and epitheliocytes, was studied in cells confined to isotropic adhesive islands. In fibroblasts plated onto islands of optimal size, an initially circular actin pattern evolves into a radial pattern of actin bundles that undergo asymmetric chiral swirling before finally producing parallel linear stress fibers. Epitheliocytes, however, did not exhibit succession through all the actin patterns described above. Upon confinement, the actin cytoskeleton in non-keratinocyte epitheliocytes was arrested at the circular stage, while in keratinocytes it progressed as far as the radial pattern but still could not break symmetry. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition pushed actin cytoskeleton development from circular towards radial patterns but remained insufficient to cause chirality. Knockout of cytokeratins also did not promote actin chirality development in keratinocytes. Left-right asymmetric cytoskeleton swirling could, however, be induced in keratinocytes by treatment with small doses of the G-actin sequestering drug, latrunculin A in a transcription-independent manner. Both the nucleus and the cytokeratin network followed the induced chiral swirling. Development of ch...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2019·Biofabrication·Eline HuethorstNikolaj Gadegaard
Apr 24, 2020·PLoS Genetics·Anil ChouguleStéphane Noselli
Jun 4, 2020·Soft Matter·Koen SchakenraadLuca Giomi
Jun 18, 2020·Journal of Cell Science·Tejeshwar C RaoAlexa L Mattheyses
Sep 10, 2020·APL Bioengineering·Tasnif RahmanLeo Q Wan
Jul 10, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Pauline Durand-SmetHenrik Jönsson
Jun 25, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Daniel D LeeMargaret A Schwarz
Dec 22, 2019·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Antoine Jegou, Guillaume Romet-Lemonne
Feb 17, 2021·Journal of Cell Science·Yukako NishimuraJames R Sellers
May 12, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Teije C MiddelkoopStephan W Grill
Jul 3, 2021·Cells·Jekaterina ErenpreisaAlessandro Giuliani
May 23, 2020·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Vytautas CėplaRamu Nas Valiokas

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

mRuby
Prism
Volocity
ImageJ
mEmerald

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