Activated glutathione metabolism participates in protective effects of carnosic acid against oxidative stress in neuronal HT22 cells

Planta medica
Yosei TamakiTakumi Satoh

Abstract

In our previous studies, we have reported that carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS) originating from rosemary protects cortical neurons by inducing phase 2 enzymes, the induction of which was initiated by activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway , , . In the present study we address the nature of the effector of these neuroprotective effects downstream of the phase 2 enzyme induction. From our results we conclude that activated glutathione (GSH) metabolism may participate in these protective effects. First, we performed cDNA microarray analysis in order to identify the gene(s) responsible for the actions and found that various enzymes involved in the metabolism of GSH (glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4; glutathione S-transferase, alpha 2; and formylglutathione hydrolase) constituted 3 of the top 5 CA-induced genes. The other 2 genes encoded phase 2 enzymes [NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase1and aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3, subfamily A1]. Next, we compared the physiologically-active compounds originating from rosemary (CA, CS, luteolin, genkwanin, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and verbenone) by 3 criteria (enhancement of total glutathione levels, transcriptional activation, neuroprotective effects). By all of these criteria, CA a...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 22, 2012·Journal of Gastroenterology·Ting WangKazuyuki Suzuki
Nov 23, 2013·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Takumi SatohStuart A Lipton
May 23, 2012·Neurochemical Research·Musthafa M EssaGilles J Guillemin
May 28, 2011·Free Radical Research·Nilanjan GhoshSubhash C Mandal
Dec 22, 2015·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·Marcos Roberto de OliveiraPatrícia Fernanda Schuck
Jan 5, 2011·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Ting WangKazuyuki Suzuki
Jul 31, 2013·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Takumi SatohStuart A Lipton
Nov 24, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Vittorio CalabreseEdward J Calabrese
Jan 5, 2012·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Mika YanagitaiTakumi Satoh
Oct 4, 2016·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Sana BahriVadim Shlyonsky
Jun 9, 2017·Nutrition Reviews·Morena MartucciAurelia Santoro
Jan 26, 2016·The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology : Official Journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology·Qi GuoPengyuan Zheng
Aug 6, 2011·Pharmaceutical Research·Marc Birringer
Jul 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Roberta HoskinMary Ann Lila

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