Activation and proliferation of murine microglia are insensitive to glucocorticoids in Wallerian degeneration

The European Journal of Neuroscience
A CastañoV H Perry

Abstract

Activation and proliferation of microglia are commonly described in the central nervous system after a wide range of insults, but the mechanisms that regulate their phenotype in vivo are still poorly understood. We have studied the effect that adrenalectomy and dexamethasone treatment have on the proliferation and activation of microglia during Wallerian degeneration of the optic nerve in BALB/c mice. We found that the onset and rate of microglia proliferation is independent of glucocorticoids. There was an increase in F4/80-positive cells 3 days after optic nerve crush, with a peak at 7 days, both in the optic nerve and its target, the superior colliculus. The numbers of F4/80-positive cells remained high up to 3 weeks after crush, the longest time point examined. We also found that up-regulation of F4/80 and the complement receptor type 3 and expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens were not affected by adrenalectomy or dexamethasone treatment. These observations show that, unlike microglia in vitro or peripheral macrophages, microglia do not readily respond to glucocorticoids, which could indicate a lack of or reduced expression of glucocorticoid receptor in these cells.

References

Jan 1, 1979·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·D C Anderson, R E Cranford
Jun 15, 1975·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·R P Skoff
Oct 1, 1992·Journal of Neuroscience Research·S GanterP J Gebicke-Härter
Oct 1, 1992·Journal of Neuroimmunology·F Russo-Marie
Oct 1, 1992·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·C C ChaoP K Peterson
Jan 1, 1992·Neuroscience·L J LawsonS Gordon
Jan 1, 1991·International Review of Cytology·V H Perry, S Gordon
Nov 1, 1990·Journal of Neuroscience Research·C HaoS Fedoroff
May 1, 1990·Journal of Neuroscience Research·C ThéryM Mallat
Jan 1, 1990·Annals of Neurology·D Giulian, C Robertson
Jun 1, 1988·Trends in Neurosciences·V H Perry, S Gordon
Jan 1, 1988·Glia·W J StreitG W Kreutzberg
Jan 4, 1986·British Medical Journal·J W Norris, V C Hachinski
Dec 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M AronssonJ A Gustafsson
Dec 1, 1974·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·I W McLean, P K Nakane
Feb 1, 1971·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·R P Skoff, J E Vaughn
Oct 1, 1981·European Journal of Immunology·J M Austyn, S Gordon
Oct 22, 1993·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·K Rao, R D Lund

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 1, 1999·Journal of Neuroscience Research·A BruccoleriG J Harry
Mar 29, 2006·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Peter Heiduschka, Solon Thanos
Jun 20, 2000·Neurobiology of Aging·H AkiyamaT Wyss-Coray
Nov 9, 2005·American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias·Sabina Rebe, Beka Solomon
Feb 25, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Hyeon-Sook SuhSunhee C Lee

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.