Activation of central opioid receptors determines the timing of hypotension during acute hemorrhage-induced hypovolemia in conscious sheep

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
R Frithiof, M Rundgren

Abstract

After an initial compensatory phase, hemorrhage reduces blood pressure due to a widespread reduction of sympathetic nerve activity (decompensatory phase). Here, we investigate the influence of intracerebroventricular naloxone (opioid-receptor antagonist) and morphine (opioid-receptor agonist) on the two phases of hemorrhage, central and peripheral hemodynamics, and release of vasopressin and renin in chronically instrumented conscious sheep. Adult ewes were bled (0.7 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) from a jugular vein until mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) reached 50 mmHg. Starting 30 min before and continuing until 60 min after hemorrhage, either artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), naloxone, or morphine was infused intracerebroventricularly. Naloxone (200 microg/min but not 20 or 2.0 microg/min) significantly increased the hemorrhage volume compared with aCSF (19.5 +/- 3.2 vs. 13.9 +/- 1.1 ml/kg). Naloxone also increased heart rate and cardiac index. Morphine (2.0 microg/min) increased femoral blood flow and decreased hemorrhage volume needed to reduce MAP to 50 mmHg (8.9 +/- 1.5 vs. 13.9 +/- 1.1 ml/kg). The effects of morphine were abolished by naloxone at 20 microg/min. It is concluded that the commencement of the decompensatory...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 28, 2014·Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps·Emrys Kirkman, S Watts
Jul 20, 2014·British Journal of Anaesthesia·E Kirkman, S Watts
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May 20, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Stephanie FranzénRobert Frithiof

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