Activation of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) restricts Salmonella Typhimurium growth by inducing AMPK activation and autophagy

Cell Death & Disease
Wei LiuXiulong Xu

Abstract

Autophagy is a conserved cellular process that functions as a first-line defense to restrict the growth of invading parasitic bacteria. As an intracellular pathogen, Salmonella (S) Typhimurium invades host cells through two Type III secretion systems (T3SS) and resides in the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). When the SCV membrane is perforated and ruptured by T3SS-1, a small portion of the Salmonella egresses from the SCV and replicates rapidly in the nutrient-rich cytosol. Cytosolic Salmonella and those residing in the membrane-damaged SCV are tagged by ubiquitination and marked for autophagy through the ubiquitin-binding adaptor proteins such as p62, NDP52, and optineurin. Prior studies suggest that transient intracellular amino-acid starvation and subsequent inactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a key molecule that phosphorylates Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1) and inhibits its activity, can trigger autophagy in S. Typhimurium-infected cells. Other studies suggest that energy stress in S. Typhimurium-infected cells leads to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and autophagy. In the present study, we report that autophagy was rapidly induced in S. Typhimurium-infected cells, ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 17, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Dietbert Neumann
Jan 9, 2019·Frontiers in Plant Science·Tao WangZhenhua Zhang
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Jan 31, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ashley J OvensWilliam J Smiles
Jan 25, 2021·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·Xiaoye FanSongling Zhang
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May 6, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Marcel HahnIvan Dikic
Nov 12, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Charles B Trelford, Gianni M Di Guglielmo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
lipidation
gene knockout

Software Mentioned

SigmaPlot
NIH Image - J

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