Activation of the hexosamine pathway by glucosamine in vivo induces insulin resistance in multiple insulin sensitive tissues

Endocrinology
A VirkamäkiH Yki-Järvinen

Abstract

We determined the effect of infusion of glucosamine (GlcN), which bypasses the rate limiting reaction in the hexosamine pathway, on insulin-stimulated rates of glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in vivo in rat tissues varying with respect to their glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) activity. Three groups of conscious fasted rats received 6-h infusions of either saline (BAS), insulin (18 mU/kg x min) and saline (INS), or insulin and GlcN (30 micromol/ kg x min, GLCN). [3-(3)H]glucose was infused to trace whole body glucose kinetics and glycogen synthesis, and rates of tissue glucose uptake were determined using a bolus injection of [1-(14)C]2-deoxyglucose at 315 min. GlcN decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (315-360 min) by 49% (P < 0.001) at the level of the whole body, and by 31-53% (P < 0.05 or less) in the heart, epididymal fat, submandibular gland and in soleus, abdominis and gastrocnemius muscles. GlcN completely abolished glycogen synthesis in the liver. GlcN decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake similarly in the submandibular gland (1.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.0 +/- 0.3 nmol/mg protein x min, GLCN vs. INS, P < 0.05) and gastrocnemius muscle (1.4 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.1 +/- 0.5 nmol/mg protein x min), al...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 6, 2011·Molecular Imaging and Biology : MIB : the Official Publication of the Academy of Molecular Imaging·Alexandru V KorotcovPaul C Wang
Nov 12, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Victor V LimaRita C Tostes
Apr 9, 1999·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·A VirkamäkiC R Kahn
Apr 23, 2010·Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH·Victor V LimaRita C Tostes
Jan 11, 2011·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·R R SimonJ W Anderson
Sep 1, 2011·Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology·Victor M Darley-UsmarJohn C Chatham
Mar 9, 2005·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Stephen MarshallRyo Okuyama
Dec 19, 2016·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Cheng Xue QinRebecca H Ritchie
Apr 14, 2016·Glycobiology·Chin Fen TeoLance Wells
Apr 19, 2018·Journal of Dietary Supplements·Mark F McCartyJames J DiNicolantonio
Jul 24, 2002·FEBS Letters·Marc UldryBernard Thorens
Dec 15, 2006·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Gary J LitherlandStephen J Yeaman
Jul 20, 2007·Inflammopharmacology·M W Whitehouse, D E Butters
Nov 20, 2002·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·S MargeticR A Hill
Oct 1, 2007·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·J F HocquetteI Ortigues-Marty
Jun 6, 2017·Endocrinology·Sarah E Hugo, Amnon Schlegel
Feb 8, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Bryce A NelsonMaria G Buse
Jun 12, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·C Andrew HaberI George Fantus
Mar 10, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Jeremiah Oshiomame Unuofin, Sogolo Lucky Lebelo
Oct 29, 2000·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·P PeltoniemiP Nuutila
Sep 5, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Dong-Ho HanJohn O Holloszy
Mar 12, 2004·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Glendon ParkerDonald McClain
Aug 15, 2002·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Linlin MaNick Giannoukakis
Jan 3, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Glendon J ParkerDonald A McClain
Jan 7, 2000·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·R J KonradJ E Kudlow
Jun 16, 2007·The American Journal of the Medical Sciences·Tan PhamR Hal Scofield
Mar 6, 2018·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Guang-Jiang ShiJian-Qiang Yu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.