PMID: 11918685Mar 29, 2002Paper

Activation of the immune system by bacterial CpG-DNA

Immunology
Georg HäckerH Häcker

Abstract

The past decade has seen a remarkable process of refocusing in immunology. Cells of the innate immune system, especially macrophages and dendritic cells, have been at the centre of this process. These cells had been regarded by some scientists as non-specific, sometimes perhaps even confined to the menial job of serving T cells by scavenging antigen and presenting it to the sophisticated adaptive immune system. Only over the last few years has it become unequivocally clear that cells of the innate immunity hold, by variation of context and mode of antigen presentation, the power of shaping an adaptive immune response. The innate immune response, in turn, is to a significant degree the result of stimulation by so-called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). One compound with high stimulatory potential for the innate immune system is bacterial DNA. Here we will review recent evidence that bacterial DNA should be ranked with other PAMPs such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid. We will further review our present knowledge of DNA recognition and DNA-dependent signal transduction in cells of the immune system.

References

Apr 6, 1995·Nature·A M KriegD M Klinman
Apr 1, 1997·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·M KarinE Zandi
Aug 1, 1997·Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology·J H ChaceJ S Cowdery
May 23, 1998·Annual Review of Immunology·S GhoshE B Kopp
Aug 5, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M Karin, M Delhase
Nov 4, 1998·Seminars in Immunology·R Medzhitov, C A Janeway
Apr 24, 1999·Genes & Development·G C Smith, S P Jackson
Jul 10, 1999·Advances in Immunology·H Wagner
Jan 15, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·O HammarstenG Chu
Jun 3, 2000·Annual Review of Immunology·M Karin, Y Ben-Neriah
Jul 6, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·N InoharaG Núñez
Aug 17, 2000·Springer Seminars in Immunopathology·J Van Uden, E Raz
Sep 12, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·J L PoyetE S Alnemri
Nov 1, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S SanjabiS T Smale
Nov 4, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·N InoharaG Nuñez
Nov 30, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A OzinskyA Aderem
Dec 29, 2000·Nature·H HemmiS Akira
Jul 27, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S BauerG B Lipford

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 30, 2010·Fish Physiology and Biochemistry·Christopher Marlowe A CaipangViswanath Kiron
May 26, 2004·Immunology Letters·Helena Tlaskalová-HogenováAlena Kokesová
Jan 9, 2008·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Weidong XiongMaria G Castro
Dec 24, 2005·Shock·Steven M Opal, Alan S Cross
Apr 2, 2008·Critical Care Medicine·Donald E Fry
Jul 11, 2013·PLoS Computational Biology·David R RileyJulie C Dunning Hotopp
May 22, 2013·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·Sathyaseelan SathyabamaJaved N Agrewala
Jan 9, 2013·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Swapan K Ghosh, Roshni Roy Chowdhury
Apr 11, 2015·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Clare E BryantKim S Midwood
Oct 17, 2015·Arthritis & Rheumatology·Amy S KehlMichael H Weisman
Sep 6, 2011·Cellular Immunology·Arash PourgholaminejadJamshid Hadjati
Mar 31, 2010·Seminars in Hematology·Tom van Meerten, Anton Hagenbeek
Dec 8, 2015·ACS Central Science·Janine K TomAaron P Esser-Kahn
Jul 26, 2003·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Lena MölneAndrej Tarkowski
Sep 17, 2015·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Yevgeny Brudno, David J Mooney
Aug 8, 2015·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Alessandra MiceraStefano Bonini
Mar 1, 2005·Vaccine·L C Freytag, J D Clements
May 21, 2003·International Journal of Medical Microbiology : IJMM·Frank Heller, Rainer Duchmann
Dec 17, 2008·Journal of Hepatology·Misha D P LuyerJan Willem M Greve
Apr 14, 2015·Chemistry & Biology·Kristin A KrukenbergTimothy J Mitchison
Dec 3, 2014·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Rahul MittalXue Zhong Liu
Sep 13, 2006·FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology·Haiqi HeMichael H Kogut
Jul 2, 2003·FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology·K MittenbühlerM Huber
May 2, 2017·Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine·Shrinka SenSharmila Sengupta
Jul 8, 2017·Molecular Pharmaceutics·Chunsong YuHaipeng Liu
Jul 14, 2004·Medicinal Research Reviews·Hai-sheng ZhouChih-chuan Liang
Oct 17, 2017·Australian Endodontic Journal : the Journal of the Australian Society of Endodontology Inc·David HwangAvina Paranjpe
Feb 14, 2009·Doklady Biological Sciences : Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological Sciences Sections·A I GarmsV V Vlasov
Aug 16, 2006·Neuro-degenerative Diseases·Tama EvronHermona Soreq
Nov 20, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Shinwan KanyBorna Relja
Sep 4, 2004·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Levente JózsefJános G Filep

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.