Activation of the inactive X chromosome induced by cell fusion between a murine EC and female somatic cell accompanies reproducible changes in the methylation pattern of the Xist gene

Experimental Cell Research
N MiseN Takagi

Abstract

Mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines are divided into two classes with or without the capability of reactivating the inactive X chromosome from a fusion partner of female lymphocyte. The 5' region of Xist was partially methylated in reactivating-competent EC cells but was fully methylated in reactivating-incompetent EC cells having a single X chromosome. Partial or heterogeneous methylation implies methylation of each CpG site in about half of the cell independently of methylation status of neighboring CpG sites. Fusion of the reactivating-competent EC cells with female lymphocytes induced not only de novo methylation in the 5' region of Xist allele on the hitherto inactivated X chromosome, but also demethylation of the same region of Xist on the other X chromosome from the female somatic cell. In contrast, no such changes occurred in hybrid cells involving reactivating-incompetent EC cells. Thus, partial methylation of the 5' region of Xist most probably maintained by low maintenance and high de novo methylation efficiency is correlated with reactivation potential of the EC cell. It is possible that this unique methylation pattern is implicated in random X inactivation in EC-hybrid cells in vitro and in epiblast cells in ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 15, 1998·Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms·K MitsuyaM Oshimura
Jan 1, 1997·Annual Review of Genetics·E HeardP Avner
Jun 21, 2008·Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology·Maria Grazia PerinoKenneth R Boheler
May 18, 1999·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·N MiseN Takagi
Apr 1, 1996·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·T SadoN Takagi
Aug 28, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Gui-Ling RenXiao-Ming Meng
Oct 22, 2009·Journal of Cell Science·Jeong Tae DoHans R Schöler
Aug 15, 1996·Genes & Development·B Panning, R Jaenisch

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