Active reinforcement of externally imposed folding in amphibians embryonic tissues

Mechanisms of Development
Stanislav V KremnyovLev V Beloussov

Abstract

Although the folding of epithelial layers is one of the most common morphogenetic events, the underlying mechanisms of this process are still poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether an artificial bending of an embryonic cell sheet, which normally remains flat, is reinforced and stabilized by intrinsic cell transformations. We observed both reinforcement and stabilization in double explants of blastocoel roof tissue from Xenopus early gastrula embryos. The reinforcement of artificial bending occurred over the course of a few hours and was driven by the gradual apical constriction and radial elongation of previously compressed cells situated at the bending arch of the concave layer of explant. Apical constriction was associated with actomyosin contraction and endocytosis-mediated engulfing of the apical cell membranes. Cooperative apical constrictions of the concave layer of cells produced a tensile force that extended over the entire surface of the explant and correlated with apical contraction of the concave side cells. In the explants taken from the anterior regions of the embryo, this reinforcement was more stable and the bending better expressed than in those taken from suprablastoporal areas. The morphogenetic role...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Sep 14, 2012·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·A N MansurovL V Beloussov
Nov 23, 2013·The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter·L V Beloussov
Oct 28, 2014·Evolution & Development·Yulia KrausUri Frank
May 8, 2014·Expert Review of Medical Devices·Adam S Curtis, Penelope M Tsimbouri
Nov 21, 2014·Physical Biology·XinXin DuStanislav Y Shvartsman
Sep 25, 2018·Bio Systems·Daria M KupaevaStanislav V Kremnyov
Nov 16, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Maria MarsalEnrique Martin-Blanco
Nov 18, 2021·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Alexandra A VetrovaStanislav V Kremnyov

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