Active surveillance for Vibrio cholerae O1 and vibriophages in sewage water as a potential tool to predict cholera outbreaks.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
G MadicoA Ceballos

Abstract

The 1991 Peruvian cholera epidemic has thus far been responsible for 600,000 cholera cases in Peru. In an attempt to design a cholera surveillance program in the capital city of Lima, weekly sewage samples were collected between August 1993 and May 1996 and examined for the presence of Vibrio cholerae O1 bacteria and V. cholerae O1 bacteriophages (i.e., vibriophages). During the 144 weeks of surveillance, 6,323 cases of clinically defined cholera were recorded in Lima. We arbitrarily defined an outbreak as five or more reported cases of cholera in a week. The odds of having an outbreak were 7.6 times greater when V. cholerae O1 was present in sewage water during the four previous weeks compared with when it was not (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the odds of having an outbreak increased as the number of V. cholerae O1 isolations during the previous 4 weeks increased (P < 0.001). The odds of having an outbreak were 2.4 times greater when vibriophages were present in sewage water during the four previous weeks compared with when they were not, but this increase was not statistically significant (P = 0.15). The odds of having an outbreak increased as the number of vibriophage isolations during the previous 4 weeks increased (P < 0.05). ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 9, 2003·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Shah M FaruqueDavid A Sack
Sep 13, 2006·Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry·Vepa K RaoKrishnamurthi Sekhar
Mar 10, 2019·Nature Communications·Rene S HendriksenFrank M Aarestrup
Apr 15, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shah M FaruqueJohn J Mekalanos
Feb 18, 2009·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Mayukh DasBanwarilal L Sarkar
Jun 10, 2011·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Paul FarmerJonathan L Weigel
Apr 26, 2003·Environmental Microbiology·Miguel TalledoRita R Colwell
Oct 5, 2002·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Erin K LippRita R Colwell
Jan 18, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Shah M FaruqueJohn J Mekalanos
Jan 5, 2000·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·A K ChakrabartiB L Sarkar

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